Candy slicing machine



Dec. 8, 1953 E. c. CLEMENT CANDY SLICING MACHINE Filed Feb. 17, 1949 12 sheets-sheet 1 Dec. 8, 1953 E. c. CLEMENT CANDY SLICING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 17, 1949 Dec. 8, 1953 E. c. CLEMENT 2,661,707

CANDY SLICING MACHINE Filed Feb. 17, 1949 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 FL- g2 12 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Feb. 17, 1949 Dec. s, 1953 E, CLEMENT 2,661,707

CANDY SLICING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Feb. 17, 1949 NGN.

lf2 Sheets-Sheet 6 Dec. 8, 1953 E. @CLEMENT CANDY SLICING MACHINE Filed Feb. 17, 1949 Dec. s, 1953 LEMENT 2,661,707

CANDY SLICING MACHINE Filed Feb. 17, 1949 12 Sheets-Sheet 7 Dec. 8, 1953 E. c. CLEMENT CANDY SLICING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Feb. 17, 1949 Dec. 8, 1953 E. C. CLEMENT CANDY SLICING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet 9 Filed Feb. 17, 1949 Dec. 8, 1953 l E CLEMENT 2,661,707

CANDY-SLICING MACHINE Filed Feb. 17, 1949 l sheets-sheet 1o- Jag 175 Jay if 13g 174' J JW W,

Dec. 8, 1953 E. c. CLEMENT CANDY SLICING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet 12 Filed Feb.v 17, 1949 www bmx mwN m5 @Lug EN QQ.

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.j NNN Patented Dec. 8, 1953 CANDY SLICING MACHINE Ernest C. Clement, Chicago, Ill., assigner to Mars, Incorporated, Chicago, Ill., a corporation of Delaware Application February 17, 1949, Serial No. 76,877

4 Claims. l

The present invention is concerned with the manufacture of candy bars and relates primarily to the slicing of strips of candy into bar sizes or lengths. The invention contemplates that the candy dough is first prepared and thoroughly vmixed in one or more batch mixers, or the like,

and this dough is spread evenly in the form of a sheet onto a continuously moving table or belt. This sheet of candy may comprise numerous layers built up in the form of a unitary sheet that is fed at a uniform rate into a slitting device that slits the sheet into elongated strips or ribbons. These strips in turn are fed into the slicer forming the subject matter of the present invention. A more complete description of this ccmplete operation may be found in the copending application .of Robert F. Morrison, Serial No. 762,145, led July 19, 1947, now U. S. Patent No. 2,612,852, dated October 7, 1952.'

An object of the present invention is to provide relatively simple equipment that effectively slices stripsor ribbons of candy into bars of uniform lengths. It is intended that this be performed as a continuous operation without the necessity of the human hand touching the candy. It is further intended to provide a slicer that comprises a minimum number of parts and one where the requirement for maintenance is reduced to a minimum. The candy bars cut by the present device are intended to have ends that are straight and are at right angles to the lower and upper faces of the bars as Well as with respect to the sides of the bars so that the resulting bar has neither been defaced nor distorted by the slicing operation. In order to prevent distortion of the candy bars, there are certain conditions and requirements that must be met, all of which are satisfied in the device forming the subject matter of the present invention. The operation of the present slicer contemplates that the endless or elongated strips or ribbons of candy are fed continuously and at a uniform rate of speed onto a slicing platform. A reciprocating slicer knife is brought into engagement with the moving candy strips and is passed through the candy so as to out off bar lengths which are then moved along away from the knives after the cutting operation has been completed. At all times after the knife has been brought into engagement with the candy and throughout the entire cutting operation the candy strips and the knife must travel at the same rate of speed, for otherwise vdistortion in the shape of the candy will result. Just as soon as the knife has completed its cutting stroke and a candy bar has been severed from the ribbon or strip, the knife, While still travelling with the strip of candy is raised to a position above and out of the path of the candy strip, and then the knife is moved counter to the direction of the movement of the candy strip to a position where the next cut is to be made. ,The knife is then again lowered onto the candy strip and the operation is repeated.

At the moment the candy bar has been severed from the candy strip passing under the knife, it is important that this bar be rapidly moved away from the slicer knife so as to be out of the way of the knife while the latter is being raised. This should be done in order to prevent the candy bar from rising with the knife and becoming distorted, or even perhapsr clogging the slicel` to require stopping of the continuous operation. This spacing of the cut bars is also important in order to prevent them from becoming stuck or welded together again. It is equally important, however, that the bar portion of the candy strip travel at the same speed as the strip and the knife during the period the knife is passing through the candy in order to preserve the proper shape of the bar.

Thus it is a requirement of the conveyor moving the candy through the slicer to convey the candy at a constant speed before and during the slicing operation, but just the moment a candy bar is severed from the candy strip the conveyor is required momentarily to accelerate just the severed bar to effect the instant spacing of the bar from the slicer knife. During this momentary period the movement of the candy strip on the feed side of the slicer knife is continued without interruption at the original constant speed so that the leading edge of the candy strip is always conveyed forward and almost immediately engages that portion of the conveyor (which may be called the discharge portion) that has momentarily been accelerated. For this reason it is important that the period of accelerated speed of this discharge portion of the conveyor be very brief and hence limited only to that time needed to effect the proper spacing of the cut-01T bar from the knife directly behind it. The discharge conveyor then quickly returns to the speed of the remaining portion of the conveyor to give proper support to the forward or leading edge of the candy strip following the cut-o bar.

Another object of the invention is to provide a slicing machine of the character described wherein by simple adjustments the length of the units cut may be changed. This feature enablesY A the machine to be used in the production of candy objects and advantages of the present invention,

bars, etc. of various sizes and shapes.

All of this is accomplished with the slicing machine forming the subject matter of the present invention. Thus the foregoing constitute certain @others of which will become apparent from the Fig. 3 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken through the lower portion of the device, the view being taken on the line 3 3; of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line 4 4 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a vertical, longitudinal sectional View taken through the upper portion of thev Slicer shown in Fig. l, the view being taken substantially along the longitudinal center line of the device;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged, vertical longitudinal sectional view through the lower portion ofthe deviceshown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is a side elevationalV view of a fragment oi the device, the view being taken. along the line 7 1 of Fig. 3,;

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line 8 8 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 9 is a more or less diagrammatic view illustrating the direction of travel of the cutting knives with respect to the movement of the candy during the cutting operation;

Fig. 10 isa horizontal sectional view through the device, the View being taken along the line iB lO of Fig. 2;

Fig. 1l is an enlarged, side elevational view ofV the drive assembly that powers the conveyor units that move the candy through the slicer;

Fig; l2' is an enlarged, vertical sectional view takenv through the transmission unit forming part ol the drive assembly, the View being taken along the line {2 12 of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a vertical, sectional View through the transmission unit taken along the lineY lli-i3 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a vertical sectional view taken through the intermittent drive control unit forming part of the drive assembly, the view being taken along the line H I'll' of Fig. ll;

Fig. 15 is an enlarged, vertical sectional View takenthrough a fragment only of the intermittent drive control unit, the view being taken along the line I 5 15 of Fig. 14';

Fig. 16 is an enlarged, vertical, fragmentary sectional View through the intermittent drive control unit, the view being taken along the line Iii- I6 of Fig. ll with the side. walls of the con-V trol unit being eliminated for purpose oi clarity; and

- Fig, 17 is an enlarged, vertical, fragmentary sectional view taken, through theL intermittent drive control unit, the view being taken along theline Il lJ. o'Fig. 11.

Thepresent specification includesfsubject matter that is disclosed and. claimedinA the co-penolingr prior application oiY Robert F. Morrison and Ernest C. Clement entitled Candy slicing Machines, Serial No. 762,426, led July 21,1947,

itr being recognized however that numerousv mediflcations will occur to the man skilled in the art, and it is intended thatv such VIno clifications 4 may be made without departing from the spirit and intended scope of the invention.

The slicing equipment known as a slicer described herein is ideally suited for use in connection with the making of candy bars consisting of a wide variation of ingredients put together in accordance with many diierent formulae, such for example as caramel, toiee, marshmallow and nougat, or a combination o these materials. Specical-ly speaking, the nougat is a batter- .like mix made. of aerated egg white and a syrup of sugar, saltL water and corn syrup; and after thoroughly beating this mix to provide additional aeration, vegetable oil, malted milk and cocoa are added and all are'thoroughly mixed together. This mis; or dough known as nougat may then be introduced through spreading equipment onto a moving conveyor.. This conveyor moves this nougat through certain stations, if desired, where caramel and nuts or the like may be spread there*-v on and this resulting sheet of candy is then iirst slit lengthwise into strips which are then alternately conveyed to lower and upper levels by means of a device lmown as a separator. This separator is indicated in broken lines in Fig. 1, the upper level being indicated at 23a and` the lower level at 23h. The strips are then deposited by the separator onto the bar slicer that -forms the subject matter of the present invention. After the bars have been sliced inte lengths they are conveyed onto a suitable conveyor devicey having upper and lower levels 24a and 21317 that` then transfer the bars back to a common level wherev the bars are then deposited upon a conveyor belt that moves them into a chocolate en rober.

Referring to the drawings and particularly to Fig. l, the slicer comprises generally a frame indicated at 25 that is supported on a plurality of feet 26. This frame includes sides, ends and. numerous cross braces, most of which have been4 omitted for purposes of clarity and only those framing members which are deemed to be important4 for av full disclosure of the invention are shown. This frame 25 includes a pair of cross braces 21 (Fig. 1) that are spaced longitudinally along the frame and are welded or otherwise secured to the sides of the frame. Supported on these cross braces 2l are spaced bearing blocks 28, there being one of such bearing blocks at each end of each cross brace 21. Mounted on these bearing blocks 28 is an inverted U-shape frame generally indicated at 29 (Fig. 2) that is provided withspaced vertically disposed legs, one of whichy is shown at 30. inr Fig. 1. The bottom, of each leg 3,0 is provided with a foot portion 3| that provides a forwardly and rearwardly projecting bearing plate 32, each of whichis mounted for sliding movement on the corresponding bearing block 28. Thus the U-shape frame 29, is adapted to slide back and forth on the bearing blocks 28` in a direction from left to right and. return asshown in Fig. l.

Each leg 30.is provided Witha vertical slot 30a (Figs. 4and 10) extending substantially. throughout its length- The outside face of legs 30 isrecessed on either side of the slots 30a, as best shownA in Figs. 4 and 10. At the upper andv lower ends of each slot there are mounted 'spaced upper and spaced lower bearing members 33 (Figs. 1, 4 and 10), the individual bearing members being disposed in the leg recess. and spaced somewhat from the slot edges. The sides of members 3.3L facing the slots are inclined, as shown in Figs. 4. and 1o.

S An elongated slidable plate 34 having a longitudinal slot 34a (Figs. 1, 4 and 10) therein has its ends respectively mounted between upper and lower bearing members 33. The plate sides at the ends thereof are inclined, as shown in Figs. 4 and 10, to cooperate with the inclined sides of the bearing members, whereby the plates are maintained in position with respect to the legs 30. Plates 34, as will be seen, reciprocate vertically when the equipment is in operation. A lug 35 (Fig. 1) is mounted on the lower end of each plate 34.

An upstanding bearing member 36 (see Figs. l and 3) is disposed at each side of the frame 25 and a shaft 31 is journalled at its opposite ends in these spaced bearing members 36. As best shown in Figs. 3 and 7, there is an intermediate bearing member 36a disposed midway between the members 36. An arm 38 on each side of the machine is keyed (Fig. '1) at its lower end on the shaft 31 and is bifurcated on its upper end so as to receive the lug 35 between its bifurcations.

Also journalled-in the spaced upright bearing members 36 is a shaft 39 (see Figs. 1 and 3) on which is loosely mounted a double drive sprocket wheel 46 (see Figs. l, 3 and 7) about which operates a pair of sprocket chains 4i that are powered from a suitable motor (not shown). Gear reduction facilities may beprovided in this motor drive if desired, and as shown in Figs. l and 7 in order to take up and adjust the slack in the sprocket chains 4I a double idler pulley 42 may be provided, the adjustment being made possib-le by movement of a plate 43 upon which the idler pulley 42 is mounted, the plate being pivoted on intermediate bearing member 35a. This movement is effected between a slot 44 and suitable locking means (shown in Fig. 7) cooperating with the slot.

As best shown in Figs. 3 and 8 a double cam member 45 is mounted on the shaft 39 and is fixed to the shaft so as to rotate therewith. The cam member is provided with a cam track 46 in one face thereof that serves to transform rotary motion of the shaft 39 into vertical reciprocating motion of the sliding plates 34 in a manner to be presently described. The other face of the cam member 45 is provided with a cam track 41 that transforms rotary motion ofv the shaft 39 into reciprocating motion of the U- shape frame 29 in a manner also to be presently described.

Again referring to Fig. l a shaft 46 is journalled in the spaced upright bearing members 36 and mounted on this shaft adjacent each end thereof is an arm 49 that at one end is keyed or otherwise xed to the shaft. The other end of each arm 49 is provided with an elongated slot 49a in which the lug 35 on the bottom of the plate 34 is adapted to slidingly fit.

'Referring now to Fig. 8 the cam'track 46 in the cam member 45 is formed by and between a central cammed boss 50 and a marginal flange 59a that is spaced from the cammed boss 56. A

` cam follower 5I rides in the cam track 46 and this cam follower is mounted on the end of an arm 52 that is keyed as at 53 to the shaft 48. Thus as the cam member 45 rotates the cam follower 5! riding in the cam track 46 transmits backward and forward rotary motion to the shaft 48. Referring now to Fig. 1 this backward and forward rotary motion of the shaft 48 transmits similar rotational reciprocating movementto the arm 49 so as to raiseand lower the Lil) corresponding sliding plate 34 on each leg '30 of the U-shape frame 29.

Again referring to Fig. 8 the cam track 41 on the opposite face of the cam member 45 is provided with' a follower 54 that rides in the track. This cam follower 54 is mounted on the end of an arm 55 that is mounted on the shaft 31 at its opposite end and is keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft indicated at 56. Thus Aas the shaft 39 rotates the motion of the follower 54 is transmitted tothe shaft 31 in the form of back and forth rocking motion. Referring to Fig. 1 this movement of shaft 31 is conveyed by the arm 38 to the lug 35 thereby transmitting horizontal reciprocating movement to the U-shape frame 29. The significance of the angles 108 and 252 appearing in Fig. 8 will be explained later.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 7 an over-riding clutch 51 is mounted on the shaft 39, the clutch being adapted to transmit rotary motion of the drive sprocket 40 to the shaft 39. This clutch 51 may be a conventional over-riding clutch and for purposes of illustration comprises a driving clutch member 58 that is powered directly through connection 58a (Fig. 3) by the sprocket wheel 48 and a concentric driven clutch member (not shown) that is located inside the member 58 and is keyed or otherwise secured to the shaft 39. The protruding end of the imier driven clutch member is shown at 58h in Figs. 3 and 7. An over-riding type clutch is provided so that machine operation easily may be stopped, as is necessary from time to time in maintaining proper coordination with other components of f the production line, or in emergencies.

Conventional one-way clutch rollers (not shown) are disposed between driving clutch member 58 and the driven clutch member, and they are carried in a cage that has an external annular flange 59 (Fig. 3). The periphery of flange 59 is cammed (best shown in Fig. 7) as indicated at 69 so to to provide a stop or shoulder 6i. An arm 62 pivoted at its lower end at 63 to a part of the frame 25 is provided at its upper end with a follower 64. Thus as the shaftl 39 rotates in the direction of the arrow indicated at 65 the follower 64, if riding along the cammed peripheral surface of the driven clutch member 59, engages the shoulder or stop 6I so as to stop the rotation of the cage carrying the clutch rollers, thereby releasing the clutch and stopping rotation of the driven member. A tension spring y 66 spring biases the arm 62 to a position against the cammed surface of the driven clutch member 59.

An operating handle 1| is keyed to a shaft 12 mounted on the frame 25 as best shown at the left hand side of Fig. 3. Shaft 12 is provided with a foot 13 that is fixed adjacent to an arm 14 (Fig. 7) carried on pivoted arm 62. This operating handle 1| is adapted to be rotated back and forth, thereby rotating its shaft 12 so as to similarly rotate the foot 13. This foot 13 engages the arm 14 so that when the operating handle 1i is rotated in a clockwise direction the foot 13 engages arm 14 so as to move pivoted arm 62 in a counterclockwise direction about its pivot point 63 thereby withdrawing the cam follower head 64 out of contact with the shoulder or stop 6I. This releases the clutch cage and effects a driving relation of the clutch parts. Thus the shaft 39 is driven through clutch 51 by the drive sprocket 40, and the U-shape frame 29 is reciprocated back and forth while at the same time the sliding plates 34 are vertically reciprocated. To

Aroller ||3 tothe left away from fixed roller ||4.

It is to be noted in Figs. 5 yand 6, that in the case of the discharge conveyor unit I I0b disposed to the right of the knife blades 96, a guide block I I2a is employed instead of roller I I 2. This guide block I 21a is carried by legs 30 (Fig. 3) and it serves the same purpose as the roller I IZbuteX- tends closer to the knife 96 than the roller I|2 and hence provides better support for the cut candy bars.y The remainder of discharge conveyor unit I |51) is identical with feed conveyor I lila.

As shown in Fig. 2 each shaft H9 projects through one of the upright frame members |08 and has a sprocket wheel fixed to the end thereof. A sprocket chain |2 I operates about each pair of upper and lower sprocket wheels |20 that are mounted on each set of upper and lower drum shafts I l0. Both lower shafts I I9 project through the opposite upright frame member |08 and the shaft ||9 disposed on the feed side of the lower slicer knife S5 (the left side of slicer knife 9B as viewed in Fig. l) is provided with a sprocket wheel |23 while the shaft I |9 disposed on thedischarge side of the lower Slicer knive 96 (the right side of the slicer knife as viewed in Fig. l) is provided with a sprocket wheel |22. The power for driving both the lower and the upper conveyor units disposed on the feed side of the slicer knives 05 is transmitted to the corresponding lower shaft IIS through the sprocket wheel |23, while the power for driving the lower and upper conveyor units on the discharge side of the slicer knives 56 is transmitted to the corresponding lower shaft I |9 through the sprocket wheel |22. This power for both of the sprocket wheels |22 and |23 is derived from a motor (not shown). that drives through a speed reducer |24 (see Fig. 1), which in turn powers a drive assembly generally indicated at |25. Speed reducer |24 thus constitutes the power source for the drive assembly andV it will be referred' to herein accordingly. This drive assembly |25 comprises a transmission unit generally indicated at |26 and an intermittent drive control unit generally indicated at |21.

The speed reducer |24 includes a drive shaft indicated at |28 that receives its power from the motor (not shown) through a chain and sprocket drive or other suitable drive connection and this shaft |23 in turn is suitably geared in a conventional manner to a driven shaft |29. Mounted on this driven shaft |23 Vis a sprocket wheel |29|a about which is mounted a sprocket chain |30 that "operates about another sprocket wheel |3|a that ismounted about a shaft I3I located at the other end of the machine. The shaft |3| in turn is suitably journalled on the machine frame.

Also mounted on the shaft I3! is a sprocket wheel |32 that drives through a sprocket chain |33y a sprocket wheel |34 that is mounted on a shaft-| of the transmission unit |26. Referring toFig. l2 it' can be seen that the sprocket wheel |34 is keyed as at |35 tothe shaft |35 and this key is held in place by a set screw |31. Mounted about one end of the shaft |35 is a bushing |38 and about the other end of the shaft is a bushing |33. A sleeve 40 surrounds the shaft |35 between the bushing |33 and the shaft and another sleeve I 5| surrounds the other end'of the shaft |35 and is disposed between the shaft and the bushing |39.

The transmission unit |26- is provided with a housing generally indicated at |22 that comprises a rear housing member |423 and a forward housing member |42-1 screwed togetherby a plurality of screws |45. The rear bushing |38 isjournalled Cil l() inthe rear housing member |43 by means of a ball bearing unit |46 that is annular in shape 4and is held in place by a rear plate |21 that is screwed as at |48 onto the rear housing member |43.

The bushing |33 is provided with ear-like flanges |49 (see Figs. 12 and 13) thata-re spaced 120 degrees apart Vand each of these ears is apertured to receive a stud |50 that is held in place by suitable means |5|. This stud |50 serves as a shaft about which is rotatably mounted a planetary gear |52. The three gears |52 on the ears |49 of the bushing |38 form a movable planetary gear system hereinafter referred to by the reference character |53 whose function will be hereinafter described. Mounted concentrically about the planetary gear system |53 is a ring gear |54 that is provided with internal Vteeth |55 that are adapted to mesh with the teeth on the planetary gears I 52 in the manner shown in Fig. 13.

Again referring to 12 the bushing |39 is surrounded by a sleeve |56 about which is concentrically mounted a sleeve |51 that is provided with a radially extending inner annular flange |58 on the end of which is a. rearwardly extending annular flange |59. The free end of this flange |59 about its circumference engages the ring gear |54 and the two are rigidly screwed together by means of screws |50. Mounted between the sleeve |51 and the forward housing member |44 is a ball bearing unit I6| that is likewise annular in shape and is mounted concentrically about the cylindrical sleeve |51. A front plate |52 is screwed as at |63 onto the housing member |44 and holds the ball bearing unit |6| in place.

The bushing or sleeve |30 is provided at its inner end with a radially extending annular flange |54 and mounted against the inner face of this flange is a second ring gear |65 having the same internal diameter as the nrst ring gear |54. This second ring gear |65 is screwed as at |56 to the radially extending flange |64 of the sleeve |30,

As shown in Figs. l2 and 13 the rear housing member' |43 is provided with three inwardly pro- Jecting stationary bosses |61 spaced at 120 degrees apart,V and each of these bosses |51 is apertured. to receive a stud |68. Each stud |68 is held 1n place by suitable means |69 and projects outwardly from boss |51 to provide a shaft |10 on which is mounted a stationary planetary gear |1I. The stationary planetary gears |1| are Xed 1n their spaced relationship with respect to each other and will, therefore be referred to as the stationaryplanetary gear system. The planetary gears |1| of this stationary planetary gear system mesh with the internalteeth |12 of the second ring gear |65. I l Approximately centrally located on the shaft |35 is a spur gear |13 (Figs. 12 and 13) that is mounted concentrically about the shaft and is keyed to the shaft by means of a key 14 that isheld in keyway |15. This spur gear |13 is provided with gear teeth |15v that mesh with all of the movable planetary gears |52 and stationary planetarygears |1|. Y

Again referring to Fig. l2 a sprocket wheel` |11 is mounted concentrically about the bushing |38 andy is keyed to the bushing as shown at |18. A set screw |19 is provided to hold the key |18 in fixed position.

At the front end of the transmission unit `there 1s p'rov1ded a sprocket wheel |80 that is concentrically mounted about the bushing |39 and this sprocket wheel is keyed to the bushing by means of a key |8| held in place by set screw |82. Concentr1cally` mounted about the sleeve |51`is a l1 sprocket wheel. we that is fixed tothissleevef |51;

Asbest shown in Fig l2 proper spaced. rela`- tionsh-ip is-maintained between the spur gear. H3 and the adjoining bushing |38 by mea-ns of a ring. |84- and similarly the proper spacedr relationship between the other face of the spur gear I131and the. adjacent bushing. |39- is maintainedzbyspacer ring.. |85. Proper spaced'relationship between the radialange |54A of bushing |39 and radialiia-nge |58 of the sleeve |5 is maintained by a spacer ring |86;

Suitable provisions are made for adequately oiling. all the Various bearings and4 bearing surfaces and for this purpose an oil inlet-port may be. provided inthe casing with a threaded plug indicated. at |37 adapted. toY close the opening..

As best shown. in Fig. 1. a sprocket chain |88A i'sv mounted. about sprocket wheel |83- and this sprocket chain |88 travels over sprocket wheel |22. mountedr on` the lower shaft |-|-9 that is disposed on. the discharge side of the slicer knives 9`6` and then. over. idler sprocketsy 246- mounted on stud shafts 241. journalled. in oneA of the side frames |99. Thus. the power for operating this last mentioned shaft H9 is. derived from the sprocket wheel. |83 of the transmission unit. |26; Similarly, a sprocketv cha-in |9| isvmountedf about the sprocketA Wheel l=80` and this sprocket chain L9`|l passes over any idler sprocket |92 mounted' on one of the side frames |08'. ands then around the sprocket wheel |23 that is disposed'. onthe: lower shaft H located. on the feed side of the slicer knives. 96. Thus the power actuating this last mentioned lower shaft |-|\9 is derived from' the sprocket wheel. IBI!A of the transmission unit. P26.

Part ofthe. drive for theftransmissiorr unit |26 is derived from shaft |3| through theV sprocket chain |'3'3` whichin. turn. operates about the sprocket wheel |34 mounted on' the end of shaft V35' (see. Figs'. I', 1.1. and 12)'. Another portion of the drive for the transmission unit |261`s con-- veyed through the sprocket wheel I'H- shownin Figs. llI and. 1'2 and this portionI of' the power is derived from the intermittent drive control unit |21 through a sprocket chain |93 thatl in turn. is powered. from asprocket wheel |84 that forms part o'f the intermittent drive control unit |21.

This intermittent drive control unit- |f21 cornprises generally a base L95 (see Fig. 111-) on which is" mounted a pair of spaced. upright frame' members' |95 and |91. Journalledin the upright frame members |96 and |91. is af shaft |98; o'n one end of which is mounted a sprocket Wheel P991 A sprocket chain 290 (see Figs'. 11. andy 14) passes over the sprocket wheel |99 and also operates about a sprocket wheel 291| (-see Fig.v 1*) that is mounted on cam shaft 39; The sprocket wheel |99 (see Fig. 14)- is: held ontoA the end'. of the shaft' by means of nuts 202. The sprocket chain 2|l||`V also operates about an idler sprocket 2'53` (Fig.1 Il) that is mounted onA a. stub.7 shaft 2G41. This shaft 204 isV secured'` to the upstandingframe member |97 and. isadgustable ina-ver# tically disposed slot 265l (see Fig: l-l)l seas-toadiust the slack in the sprocket chain Also mounted on the shaft |98- is acam 286 (see Figs. 1`1 and14` that isprovidedwith a cam track .or surface. shownV at'l.

Disposed below the shaft |99 is a. shatt.V 298- that is-journalled. in. bearings 229 in the spaced upright frame members |95 and |91. Mounted onthis shaft 238l is a. bell-V crank lever 2H) that is keyed as at 2|| to the shaft. This' bell crank l'evei: 2|`-9l is. provided. with a pair of: arms 2|0aand 2|.'0`. On. the free endi of the arm' 2lb@ is.

1.2 aL cam follower 2|f2 that is adapted toride. onthe cam: surface 2|l1I of cam 206. The arm.: 2Mb is provided withV anA elongated slot 2-|3` that ext'ends inwardlyr from the iree'end: of the arm and an end plate 2|4- (Fig. l5) closes the open end of this slot. This plate 2M isY secured toY the arm' 2||lb` by.' means of threaded screws 2115 (see Fig. 152)'. Mounted in the slot 2|3 is aA slidingblock 216il that. is adapted.' to slide from end: to end; in: the slot 213'. As besty shown in Fig. 16 the sliding block. 2|-6 is' groovedas. at: 2|`|f in its top and bottom edges and the portions of the arm. 2||lb` forming the'- upper and lower walls ot slot 2|3 are correspondingly provided with an elongated. mortise-lke rib- 2f|8- that fits into-the corresponding groove 211 in theslding block 24.6.IV As shown: Fig. 16` the sliding block 246 is-provided. with: an outwardly' projectingv boss 22| 9- that is surroundedzby a. sleeve 22 D. Mounted/betweenthe-sleeve 220 and the boss 2|9.` are roller bearings 22|. A plate 222 is secured by meansT ci ai screw 223! onto' the end of the' boss 2te and this. plate holds the sleeve 229 with the ball bearingrl assembly in place;

Again referring toFig. 1-5 thefslid-ing block 2li isapertur'edf as at 224 and. the bell crankI lever 2li!- isT apertu-red at 225 to receive an elongated' bolt? or shaft 226; bolt 226l is" provided' with a knob: or head 22% at one: end whi'cltis held inl place by a set screw 22S'- andris threaded adjacent to-` the' other end as at- 229 to match. corresponding threads onv the'wallVV of the aperture. 224.. The threaded portion 22gof the bol-t 226 proiects throughr the sliding block 2 |-6- and on its freefend is provided with. a boss? 239' that-is adapted toibo socketed: in a bearing slot 23| formedii-rr the end plate 2M. Upon rotationl of the knobf 221 the bolt 22S rotatesv to= move themovable block. 2|,6 along the threaded. portion: 229 of. the: bolt and hence Ierrgthw'fse-` in: the aperture 2H; Thus the positiorr of. the' slidingA block` 2|:6 in the aperture 213t can. be adiustably selected andY when` selected' can-lbs. locked' by means of: a-Ylocknut 232. that is threaded onto' a threaded portion 233 adacent to' the; knob 22T of bolt. 226-.

Referring to' Figs. 11 and. 1'7 a shaft 3|? is journalled. in. ball' bearing members 235 in the upright spaced frame members |96 and. |9'|f. This shaft projects through the upright fram'ememvber' |97 and the sprocket wheel |94 is mounted on thisl projecting end of the shaft 234l and'. is keyed'. td the" shaft by key 239. This sprocket wheelisiheld ontothe shaft by means of aiwasher 238 and:v nuts 239. Also mounted on this shalt 23# between; the spacedl upright frame members |96 and. |291 is a. lever arm 240' that is keyed. asat 24| in keyway 24 la to' the shaft. A setfscrew 2431 holds the key 24| in place. This lever arm 240 as is: best shown: in Fig. 1l.' is elongatedv and is provided on its freev end with; an elongated slot 242. As best shownf in Figs. 11 and 1.6v the" free endof this: leverarm 269' fits over the-sleeve 220 on the boss 219-r the sleeve 220l projecting into the elongated` slot 242. The end plate 22 2 (Fig. 16)l overlaps the` outer faces of thev lever arm 24B so as to' hold. the assembly together.

When the` shaft |91- is. driven from the motor (not shown) through speed reducer |24 (see Fie.- 1): it. places' the drive assembly |25 into operation. As previously mentioned this drive assemblyl |25 drivesthrough sprocket chains |83. and |9|",. the lower shafts H9, and the rotation' oi these shafts in turnv rotates' the upper shafts ||9 so as` toT place intcfop'erationtheV conveyor units on both: Slicer. levels E060: andY |2066. When. this i3 is accomplished candy is being conveyed in `a direction reading from left to right in Fig. 1. The manner in which the drive assembly |25 accomplishes this drive for the lower shafts H9 will now be described.

Referring first to Figs. 11 to 13 inclusive it will be noted that the rotation of shaft 3| drives sprocket wheel |34 through sprocket chain |33 to rotate shaft |35 of the transmission unit |28. This rotation of shaft |35 causes the spur gear |13 to rotate. The stationary planetary gears 1| are thereby rotated to transmit rotary motion t the ring gear |65. As shown in Fig. 12 ring gear |65 is fixed to the radial flange |62 of bushing |39 yso that this bushing |39 rotates with the ring gear |65. Sprocket wheel |80 keyed to the bushing |39 is thereby rotated so as to drive through sprocket chain |9| and sprocket wheel |23 the lower shaft ||9 that is disposed on the feed side of the slicer knife 2S. 'Ihis drive through the transmission unit |26 is always at a uniform speed so that the lower conveyor assembly on the feed side of the slicer knife whenever it is in operation moves at a uniform speed. This is also true with respect to the upper conveyor unit disposed on the feed side of the slicer knife on the upper level |86a since this upper conveyor is driven through sprocket chain |2| directly from the lower shaft ||9.

Again referring to Figs. 12 and 13 it will be apparent that rotation of the spur gear |13 also drives the ring gear |54 through the movable planetary gears |52. This ring gear |54 in turn drives through screws |60, the bushing or sleeve |51 on which is mounted sprocket wheel |83. As previously mentioned in connection with Fig. 1 the rotation of the sprocket wheel |83 drives sprocket wheel |22 on the lower right hand shaft ||9 through sprocket chain |88. This portion of the drive to the sprocket wheel |83 provides uniform rotation of the sprocket wheel but since the diameter of sprocket Wheel |83 is greater than the diameter of sprocket wheel |80 (see Fig. 12) the velocity of sprocket chain |88 is faster than the velocity of the sprocket chain ISI. Since it is desired under certain circumstances to have both the feed and the discharge conveyors at both levels |06a and |0611 travel at the same velocity and to further provide for the vacceleration of the conveyors on the discharge side of the knives a controlled adjustment is made on the drive for the sprocket |83. This controlled adjustment is provided by the intermittent drive control unit |21 (see Fig. 1) that drives sprocket wheel |11 (Fig. 1l) to impart intermittent rocking motion to the movable planetary gear system |53 (Fig. 13)- through bushing |38 (Fig. 12) that surrounds the shaft |35. The rocking motion of the planetary gear system |53 varies the otherwise uniform drive through the planetary gears |52 so as to vary the rotating speed of the ring gear |54 and hence the sprocket wheel |83.

Referring now to Fig. 11 it will be noted that the cam surface 201 on the cam 206 is provided with a gradually increasing radius of curvature through 252 degrees with a gradual decrease in curvature for the remaining 108 degrees. Let it be assumed that the direction of rotation of the cam 201:` is indicated by the arrow D. From the position shown in Fig. 11, cam follower 2|2, for the yfirst 252 degree portion of the complete revolution of the cam, is moved radially outward with respect to the axis of rotation of cam 206,

thereby rocking the bell crank 2 l0 about its shaft 14 208 in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 11. This results in a clockwise rocking movement of shaft 234 which in turn imparts a clockwise rotation to the sprocket wheel |11. The rocking movement during this 252 degree portion of the cycle of cam 206 rocks the planetary gear system |53 at a relatively slow uniform velocity in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 13 to effect a constant rotating speed of the ring gear |54 ata velocity less than the rotating sped of ring gear |65. This differential of rotating speeds of ring gears |54 and |65 produces the same differential in rotating speeds of sprockets |83 and |80 (Fig. 12) so as to produce the same linear velocities for the two sprocket .chains |88 and |9| (Fig. 1l). Thus during this 252 degree rotation of the cam 206 the conveyor units on both sides of the slicer knives are driven at the same velocity.

During the remaining 108 degrees of rotation of the cam 206, the cam follower 2|2 is moved radially inward with resp-ect to the axis of rotation of cam 206 until it reaches the starting point where it is shown in Fig. 11. During this 108 degree portion of the cycle of the cam 206 the bell crank 2|0 is moved in a clockwise direction about its axis 200 so as to rotate shaft 234 in a counterclockwise direction. This counterclockwise direction of rotation is imparted to the sprocket wheel |11, which in turn rocks the planetary gear system |53 shown in Fig. 13 Vin a counterclockwise direction. This movement'of the gears 52 in the planetary gear system |53 combined with the constant rotating force imparted through the planetary gears |52 by spur gear |13 effects an increased velocity of rotation of ring gear I 54. During this period'the ring gear continues to operate at its uniform'rotating speed and consequently the sprocket wheel |83 has now increased its speed of rotation with respect to the rotating speed `of sprocket wheel |80. Thus during the 108 degree portion of the cycle of cam 206, the conveyor units disposed on the right hand or discharge side of the slicer knives, are moving at an increased velocity. This complete cycle repeats itself during continued rotation of the cam 206.

During the time the candy is being thus conveyed a motor drive through the drive sprocket chain 4| (see Figs. 1 and 7) places the U-frame 29 in horizontal reciprocating motion and also vplaces the sliding plates 34 on each leg 30 of the U-frame 20 into vertical reciprocating motion.

`The knife blades 98 on both levels are then placed into operation by energizing the motor 89 (Fig. 1) so that the slicer then operates completely to convey the continuous strips of candy into the knife blades et where the blades cut kthe strips into bar lengths and then the bars are conveyed from the blades tc the discharge end of the device.

Referring now to Fig. 9 the net effect of these various motions of the U-frame and the sliding plates on each knife blade is diagrammatically indicated by the broken line 253. The strips 0f candy are indicated at 255. and these strips are being moved in the direction of the arrow 255 by the conveyor belts ||1. In its uppermost position each knife blade 98 assumes the position shown at 88a in 9 well above the strips of candy that are being conveyed into the cutting region. As the U-frame 2s that supports each of the knife blades 96 moves from left to right at a speed corresponding to the advance movement of the candy strips 254 the knifeblade 96 is ltransmission unit |26.

l moved Ydovvnwalrrlly` to a position 96h wherev it engages the upper faces of the strips of candy. During the remainder of the travel of the U- frame the knife blade` 96 passes .downwardly through the candy stripsV 2.54 and since the U'- 'frame 29 carrying each ofthe knife blades 96 1s traveling exactly at thesame rate of speed as the strips of candy 254 for the reason hereinafter explained, there iS no relative horizontal movement therebetween. Thus the. knife blade B passes vertically through the candy strips and at the end of the cutting operation the knife blade is lifted rapidly in a substantially vertical direction as indicated by the right hand portion ofthe broken lines 253 in Fig. 9. The blade is then returned to its initial. raised position indicated at a and the operation is repeated.

'Y Since the cam 206 is driven from the cam shaft 39 on which the cam unit '55 for the cycling of the slicing' knives is mounted, this cam 206 is .always synchronized withV the operation of cam member 45. Referring to Fig. 8 the portion of the cam 4l within the 108 degrees corresponds with the portion of cam surface 201 within the same number of degrees marked on Fig; l1 so that during this 108 Ydegree operation of cam 286, the Slicer knife units operate through a path indicated by B, C and A in Fig. 9. During the period when cam follower 54 (Fig. 8) is operating over the surface of cam 41 indicated by the 252 ldegree marking, the cam follower 2|2 indicated in Fig. 1l is simultaneously operating over the '252 degree portion of cam surface 207. During this latter `period the Slicer knife 96 is moving downwardly andzforwardly along the path indicateclzfrom A to Bin Fig. 9.

Let it be assumedy that the cycling speed of the slicing knives is at the rate of sixty cycles a minute for a `barlength of saythree inches; The

conveyors on both `slicer levels |0641 and |0611;

will be travelling at a .given -speed to effect this bar length. Letv it furtherA be assumed that for these conditions. the speed of operation for the variable speed `sprocket |83' is proper throughout its cycle of. operation- Under these conditions the shuttle camv shaft 39 is cycling atV the rate of sixty cycles a minute and since the shaft |98 on the intermittent drive control unit 21 receives its rotating power from the shuttle cam shaft 3'9, this shaft |98 also cycles at the speed of sixty cycles a minute. When it is desired to adjust the slicing machine to slice candy bars at different lengths, one adjustment that must'be made is to speed up or slow down the normal operating speed' of the conveyor units on both slicer levels |06@ and I'Ob vso as to feed more or less candy into the slicer knives. For purposes of illustration let vit be assumed that it is desired Vto increase the length of thebars that are to be sliced. For this purpose the speed of the conveyors will be increased so as to move the greater length of candy strips under the knives for each cut. Since the candy strips will now be moving at a greater velocity, itv will also be necessary to increase the velocity of the slicer knives in their movement during the cutting stroke, though the actual cycling of the slicer knives remains at sixty cycles a minute. In order to accomplish this it is necessary to change the appropriate Vcam in the cam unit 45 (Figs. 3 and 8).

The increase in normal velocity of the conveyor units is effected by increasing the driving speed 'to the shaft |3| so as to effect an increase in the rotating speed Vof the spur gear |13 of the This increase in rotat- 16 ing speed of the spur gear |13 is imparted through ring gear |65 (Fig. l2) so that the output from the sprocket wheel |86 now corresponds to an increased uniform rotating speed to effect the new increased normal velocity for the conveyors.

As previously explained the rotating speed of the sprocket wheel |83 IWil be the resultant of the new uniform rotating speed of the spur gear |13 that is transmitted through the movable planetary gears |52 and ring gear |54', and the variable speed effected by the oscillation of the planetary system 53 provided through the intermittent control unit |21. Since the rotating speed of the spur gear |73 has now been increased the resultant rotating speed ofthe sprocket wheel |83 will no longer be in proper relationship with the now increased speed of the sprocket wheel |86. It is, therefore, necessary to adjust the limits of the oscillation of the planetary gear system |53 by increasing the stroke of the planetary gear systemv in order to again produce the proper relationship and rotating speeds between sprocket wheels |83 and |36.

This increased stroke is brought about by manipulating the knob 22'? so as to move the sliding block 2 |6 to the right (see Fig. l5) in slot 2|3 so as to increase the effective length of arm 2||lb of bell crank lever 2|0 (see also Fig. 1l). This adjustment increases the throw of the shaft 234 :and hence the :planetary gear system |53. The amount of this increased throw in the shaft will be sufhcient to bring the linear velocity of the sprocket chain |88 that operates about sprocket wheel |83 during the 252 degree portion of the cycle of the cam 206 into syncbronism with the linear velocity of the sprocket chain ISI that operates about the sprocket wheel |80.

To effect a reduction in the length of candy bars produced by the slicing machine an appropriate change must be made to. retard the velocity of the conveyor and the velocity ofthe slicing knives on their cutting stroke and in this instance the effective length of arm 2| 0b of bell crank lever 2H)v (see Fig. 1l) lon the intermittent drive control unit |21 Iis shortened by moving the sliding block 2|6 (see Fig. 15) to the left in slot 2|3.

As shown in Fig. 4 suitable guide bars 25S may be disposed relative to the conveyor belts so as to guide the candy strips and bars entering and leaving the slicer so as to kprevent lateral displacement of the bars during their movement through the slicer.

As shown in Fig. 2 a guard bar 260 is disposed oneach side of each of the knife :blades .86' .to properly guide the blades, and this bar carries a plurality vof downwardly projecting spacer members 26| between which the strips of candy indicated at 254 pass. The spacers 26| each are screwed as at 26m (Fig. 10) to a channel member 26|b which in turn is screwed as at 26Ic to the guide block 12a. Thus guard bars 263, spacer members 26| and channel members 26|b shuttle back and forth with guide block ||2a 'which in turn is carried by U -frame 29.

Referring to Fig. 6 a pressure device generally indicated at 262 is mounted by means of brackets 263 between the stationary side frame members |08. This pressure device includes a shaft 264 fixed in the free end of spaced arms 265 that are fixed to a rotatable shaft 256 in the brackets 263. Suspended from the shaft 264 are a plurality of pressure feet 261 that are free to rotate about the nxed shaft 254.

Projecting Voutwardly Afrom the adjacent guard 

